On top of this, tests are not often written by directly implementing Appium commands, but more often by using framework-level functionality, which might encapsulate the use (and overuse) of many Appium commands, all of which add to test execution time. This means that Appium scripts developed locally might behave significantly differently when run on an Appium cloud somewhere across the world, leading to heightened flakiness or test failures.
Networks are not perfectly reliable in general, and unanticipated slowness or request failure can occur at any point. Because every test command has to travel over the network between the client and server, every command is subject to the latency of that network, as well as any other “atmospheric” conditions. There is one significant downside to this architecture, however, that can dramatically decrease test performance. The advantages of this client/server architecture are very important, allowing Appium tests to be written in any language, and making it possible to build large private or public Appium device clouds.
Both Appium and Selenium are based on a client/server architecture, where the test commands are triggered by a client that could be very far away from the server which actually performs the commands.
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